Lacerta
Lacerta, the lizard, isn’t much to look at. Even the constellation’s brightest stars are quite faint. From light-polluted cities, in fact, they’re all but invisible.
The brightest is Alpha Lacertae. It’s about twice as big and heavy as the Sun, and a couple of dozen times brighter. It’s about a hundred light-years away — a distance that’s pretty well locked in.
The distance to the second-brightest star has been a little more uncertain. It had been thought to be about 625 light-years away, give or take a few dozen. But observations by Gaia, a European spacecraft, say the distance is only 560 light-years, with about the same amount of wiggle room.
And there was also a difference in the distance to the third-brightest star in the constellation, 5 Lacertae — about 1600 light-years for the old measurements, versus about 1750 for Gaia.
Knowing a star’s distance is pretty important. Combining the distance with how bright the star looks reveals its true brightness. Plugging all of those number
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